The Odyssey

/uh-KEE-unz/

Another name Homer uses for the Greeks.

阿开亚人·荷马对希腊人的别称。

/uh-KILL-eez/

The greatest Greek warrior of the Trojan War. He is dead now; Odysseus meets his ghost in the land of the dead.

阿喀琉斯·特洛伊战争中最伟大的希腊勇士，已故；奥德修斯在冥界遇见他的鬼魂。

/ee-EE-uh/

The island where the witch-goddess Circe lives.

埃埃亚岛·女巫喀耳刻居住的海岛。

/ee-JISS-thus/

The man who murdered King Agamemnon when he came home from the war. The poem uses him as a warning.

埃癸斯托斯·趁阿伽门农战后归家时将其谋杀的人，诗中以他为反面警示。

/EE-oh-lus/

The god who keeps the winds. He gives Odysseus a bag holding the winds.

埃俄罗斯·掌管风的神，赠给奥德修斯一只装风的皮袋。

/ag-uh-MEM-non/

The leader of the whole Greek army at Troy; brother of Menelaus. He was killed by his wife and her lover at home.

阿伽门农·特洛伊希腊联军统帅，墨涅拉俄斯之兄，归国后被妻子及其情夫所杀。

/AY-jaks/

The greater of two Greek warriors called Ajax; a mighty fighter, now dead. He is still angry with Odysseus when they meet among the dead.

大埃阿斯·两位名叫埃阿斯的希腊勇士中较伟大的一位；勇猛的战士，已故；在冥界仍对奥德修斯心怀怨恨。

/AY-jaks/

The lesser of two warriors called Ajax (son of Oïleus). Sailing home he boasted he had escaped the sea against the gods' will, so Poseidon drowned him.

小埃阿斯·两位名叫埃阿斯的勇士中较小的一位（俄琉斯之子）。归航途中他夸口违背神意逃过大海，波塞冬便将他淹死。

/al-SIN-oh-us/

The kind king of the Phaeacians, who listens to Odysseus's story and gives him a ship home.

阿尔喀诺俄斯·善良的费阿喀亚国王，听完奥德修斯的故事后送他船只回乡。

/am-BROH-zhuh/

The special food of the gods, which keeps them young forever.

神食 / 仙馔·神所食用的食物，使其永葆青春。

/am-FIN-oh-mus/

The most polite and least cruel of the suitors. He still dies with the rest.

安菲诺摩斯·求婚者中最有礼、最不残暴的一个，但仍与众人一同被杀。

/an-TIN-oh-us/

The rudest and most violent of the suitors who crowd Odysseus's house. He is the first to be killed.

安提诺俄斯·求婚者中最粗暴狠毒者，第一个被射杀。

/af-roh-DY-tee/

The goddess of love and beauty.

阿佛洛狄忒·爱与美的女神。

/uh-POL-oh/

The god of the sun, music, healing, and archery.

阿波罗·太阳、音乐、医疗与射箭之神。

/uh-REE-tee/

The wise and respected queen of the Phaeacians, wife of Alcinous.

阿瑞忒·费阿喀亚睿智而受敬重的王后，阿尔喀诺俄斯之妻。

/AIR-eez/

The god of war.

阿瑞斯·战神。

/AR-goss/

Odysseus's old hunting dog. He waits twenty years, recognizes his master, and then dies.

阿耳戈斯·奥德修斯的老猎犬，苦等二十年，认出主人后即死去。

/AR-tuh-miss/

The goddess of hunting and wild animals; sister of Apollo.

阿耳忒弥斯·狩猎与野兽女神，阿波罗之妹。

/uh-THEE-nuh/

The goddess of wisdom and skill in war. She loves clever Odysseus and protects both him and his son Telemachus.

雅典娜·智慧与战争技艺女神，钟爱机敏的奥德修斯，并护佑他与其子忒勒马科斯。

/bard/

A poet who sings stories out loud while playing a lyre. Demodocus and Phemius are bards in the poem.

吟游诗人·弹奏里拉琴、吟唱故事的诗人，如得摩多科斯与菲弥俄斯。

/kuh-LIP-soh/

A beautiful goddess-nymph who keeps Odysseus on her island for seven years and wants him to stay forever.

卡吕普索·美丽的女神，将奥德修斯困于岛上七年，欲留他永世相伴。

/kuh-RIB-diss/

A deadly whirlpool monster that swallows the sea three times a day. Sailors must pass it and Scylla together.

卡律布狄斯·每日三次吞吐海水的致命大漩涡怪物，与斯库拉相邻。

/sih-KOH-neez/

A people whose town Odysseus and his men raid right after leaving Troy. The raid goes badly.

喀孔涅斯人·奥德修斯离开特洛伊后劫掠的部族，劫掠以失败告终。

/SUR-see/

A witch-goddess who turns Odysseus's men into pigs, then becomes his helper and lover for a year.

喀耳刻·女巫，先把奥德修斯的同伴变成猪，后成为帮助他的爱人，相处一年。

/kly-tem-NESS-truh/

Agamemnon's wife, who helped kill him. She is the dark opposite of loyal Penelope.

克吕泰墨斯特拉·阿伽门农之妻，参与谋杀丈夫，与忠贞的珀涅罗珀形成鲜明对比。

/KROH-nus/

An older god, the father of Zeus. Zeus is often called "son of Cronus."

克洛诺斯·年长的神，宙斯之父；宙斯常被称为"克洛诺斯之子"。

/SY-klops/

A giant with a single eye in the middle of his forehead. They live without laws. The most famous one is Polyphemus.

独眼巨人·额心仅有一目的巨人，无法无天；最著名者为波吕斐摩斯。

/dawn/

The goddess of the morning. Wilson often calls her "rosy-fingered Dawn," marking the start of a new day.

黎明女神·即厄俄斯，威尔逊常称其为"玫瑰色手指的黎明"，标志新一天的开始。

/dee-MOD-oh-kus/

A blind singer (bard) at the Phaeacian court. His songs about Troy make Odysseus weep.

得摩多科斯·费阿喀亚宫廷的盲人歌手，其特洛伊之歌使奥德修斯落泪。

/EE-jipt/

A far-off, rich land in travelers' tales. Odysseus invents stories about going there.

埃及·旅人故事中遥远而富庶的国度；奥德修斯曾编造去过该地的经历。

/el-PEE-nor/

A young crewman who dies by falling off Circe's roof. His ghost begs Odysseus for a proper burial.

厄尔佩诺耳·从喀耳刻屋顶坠亡的年轻船员，其鬼魂恳求奥德修斯予以安葬。

/yoo-MEE-us/

The loyal swineherd (pig farmer). He shelters the disguised Odysseus and helps fight the suitors.

欧迈俄斯·忠诚的牧猪奴，收留乔装的奥德修斯，并助其铲除求婚者。

/yoo-rih-KLY-uh/

Odysseus's old nurse. While washing the disguised stranger's feet, she knows him by an old scar.

欧律克勒亚·奥德修斯的老乳母，为乔装的他洗脚时凭旧疤认出主人。

/yoo-RIL-oh-kus/

Odysseus's second-in-command. He often argues, panics, or makes bad choices for the crew.

欧律罗科斯·奥德修斯的副手，常争辩、惊慌或为船员做出错误决定。

/yoo-RIM-uh-kus/

A smooth-talking, two-faced suitor who lies easily.

欧律马科斯·能言善辩、口蜜腹剑的求婚者。

/HAY-deez/

The god who rules the dead — and also the name of the underworld, the dark place where dead souls go.

哈得斯·统治亡者的冥王，亦指死者所去的幽暗冥界。

/HEL-en/

The most beautiful woman in the world. Her running away with Paris started the Trojan War. Now back home in Sparta.

海伦·世上最美的女子，与帕里斯私奔引发特洛伊战争，如今已回到斯巴达。

/HEE-lee-us/

The sun god. Odysseus's starving men kill and eat his sacred cattle — a deadly mistake.

赫利俄斯·太阳神；奥德修斯饥饿的同伴宰食了他的圣牛，铸成致命大错。

/heh-FESS-tus/

The god of fire and metalworking — the blacksmith who makes things for the gods.

赫淮斯托斯·火与锻造之神，为众神打造器物的铁匠。

/HEER-uh/

The queen of the gods and wife of Zeus.

赫拉·天后，宙斯之妻。

/HAIR-uh-kleez/

A famous super-strong hero (also known by the Roman name Hercules).

赫拉克勒斯·著名的大力英雄（罗马名为赫丘利）。

/HUR-meez/

The messenger god, who wears winged sandals and carries orders from Zeus.

赫尔墨斯·传信之神，脚穿带翼凉鞋，传达宙斯的命令。

/hoss-pih-TAL-ih-tee/

The sacred custom of treating guests and strangers with kindness — food, a bath, a bed, a gift. Breaking it angers the gods. A central theme.

待客之道 / 宾客之礼·善待客人与陌生人的神圣习俗（款待饮食、沐浴、留宿、馈赠）；违背者将触怒神明，是全诗核心主题。

/EYE-noh/

A sea goddess who gives Odysseus a magic veil to keep him afloat in a terrible storm.

伊诺 / 琉科忒亚·海中女神，赠奥德修斯神巾，助他在狂风暴雨中漂浮求生。

/EYE-rus/

A local beggar who tries to bully the disguised Odysseus, and is beaten in a fight.

伊洛斯·当地乞丐，欲欺凌乔装的奥德修斯，结果被打败。

/ITH-uh-kuh/

Odysseus's home — the rocky island kingdom he spends the whole poem trying to reach.

伊塔卡·奥德修斯的故乡，他穷尽全篇努力归返的多石岛国。

/lay-UR-teez/

Odysseus's aged father, who lives alone and grieving on a country farm.

拉厄耳忒斯·奥德修斯年迈的父亲，独自悲居乡间农庄。

/less-trih-GOH-nee-ans/

Giant cannibals who smash and eat the crews of all but one of Odysseus's ships.

莱斯特律戈涅斯人·食人巨人，摧毁并吞食了奥德修斯除一艘外的全部船队。

/ly-BAY-shun/

Pouring out a little wine on the ground as a gift to the gods before drinking.

奠酒·饮酒前把少许酒洒在地上献给神灵的仪式。

/LOH-tus EE-ters/

A peaceful people who eat a flower that makes visitors forget home and never want to leave.

食莲族·性情平和的部族，食用一种使人忘乡、不愿离去的莲花。

/LY-er/

A small harp-like string instrument that singers play while telling stories.

里拉琴·形似小竖琴的弦乐器，歌手讲故事时弹奏。

/meh-LAN-thee-us/

A disloyal goatherd who insults and kicks the disguised Odysseus and sides with the suitors.

墨兰透斯·不忠的牧羊奴，辱骂、踢打乔装的奥德修斯，投靠求婚者。

/men-eh-LAY-us/

King of Sparta, husband of Helen, brother of Agamemnon. Telemachus visits him for news.

墨涅拉俄斯·斯巴达国王，海伦之夫，阿伽门农之弟；忒勒马科斯曾往访探询消息。

/MEN-tor/

An old friend of Odysseus. Athena often takes his form to advise Telemachus. (The English word "mentor" comes from this name.)

门托耳·奥德修斯的老友，雅典娜常化作他来指点忒勒马科斯（英文"mentor"一词即源于此名）。

/myooz/

A goddess who gives poets their inspiration. The poem opens by asking the Muse to tell the story.

缪斯·赐予诗人灵感的女神；全诗开篇即祈请缪斯讲述这个故事。

/naw-SIK-ay-uh/

A young Phaeacian princess who finds the shipwrecked Odysseus on the beach and leads him to her parents' palace.

瑙西卡·费阿喀亚年轻公主，在海滩发现遇难的奥德修斯，引他前往父母的宫殿。

/NEK-ter/

The special drink of the gods (the partner of ambrosia).

神饮 / 琼浆·神所饮用的饮料，与神食相配。

/NESS-tor/

The very old, wise king of Pylos who fought at Troy. Telemachus visits him for news of his father.

涅斯托耳·年迈睿智的皮洛斯国王，曾征战特洛伊；忒勒马科斯往访探询父讯。

/nimf/

A minor female nature-goddess linked to a place such as a spring, river, or wood. Calypso is one.

宁芙 / 山林水泽女神·与泉、河、林等自然之地相关的次级女神，卡吕普索即为其一。

/NOH-bod-ee/

The false name Odysseus gives the Cyclops. So when the blinded giant shouts "Nobody is hurting me!" no neighbours come to help.

"无人" / 没有人·奥德修斯骗独眼巨人时所报的假名；故当被刺瞎的巨人喊"没有人在害我"时，无人前来相助。

/oh-DISS-ee-us/

The hero of the poem: the clever, daring king of Ithaca who spends ten years struggling home after the Trojan War.

奥德修斯·史诗主角，机智勇敢的伊塔卡国王，特洛伊战后历经十年艰险返乡。

/oh-JIH-jee-uh/

Calypso's lonely island, where Odysseus is trapped for seven years.

俄吉吉亚·卡吕普索孤寂的海岛，奥德修斯被困于此七年。

/oh-LIM-pus/

The high mountain where the gods live.

奥林波斯山·众神居住的高山。

/OH-men/

A sign — often an eagle or other bird — believed to reveal what the gods plan.

预兆·被认为显示神意的征兆，常表现为雄鹰等飞鸟。

/oh-RESS-teez/

Agamemnon's son, who grows up and takes revenge for his murdered father. He is held up as a model for Telemachus.

俄瑞斯忒斯·阿伽门农之子，长大后为遇害的父亲复仇，被树为忒勒马科斯的榜样。

/puh-NEL-oh-pee/

Odysseus's faithful and clever wife. She holds off dozens of suitors for years with patience and tricks.

珀涅罗珀·奥德修斯忠贞而聪慧的妻子，以耐心与智计周旋于众多求婚者之间多年。

/per-SEF-oh-nee/

The queen of the underworld, who rules the dead with Hades.

珀耳塞福涅·冥后，与哈得斯共治亡者之国。

/fee-AY-shuns/

A friendly, sea-loving people whose ships are almost magic. They listen to Odysseus's tale and carry him home. (Their land is Scheria.)

费阿喀亚人·友善、热爱航海的民族，其船近乎神奇；他们听罢奥德修斯的故事后送他归乡（其国为斯刻里亚）。

/FEE-mee-us/

A singer forced to perform for the suitors in Odysseus's hall. Odysseus spares his life in the end.

菲弥俄斯·被迫在奥德修斯厅堂为求婚者献唱的歌手，最终获奥德修斯赦免。

/pol-ih-FEE-mus/

The man-eating Cyclops (one-eyed giant), a son of Poseidon. Odysseus blinds him to escape his cave — which earns Poseidon's anger.

波吕斐摩斯·食人的独眼巨人，波塞冬之子；奥德修斯刺瞎他以逃出山洞，因而招致波塞冬的愤怒。

/poh-SY-dun/

The powerful god of the sea and earthquakes. He hates Odysseus for blinding his son and keeps him from home.

波塞冬·威力强大的海洋与地震之神；因儿子被刺瞎而仇视奥德修斯，百般阻其归乡。

/PROF-uh-see/

A message telling the future, usually sent by the gods. A person who gives one is a prophet or seer.

预言·预告未来的话语，多由神明降下；传达预言者称先知或预言家。

/PROH-tee-us/

The "Old Man of the Sea," a god who changes shape to escape questions but must answer if held tight.

普罗透斯·"海中老人"，善变形以躲避盘问，但被紧紧擒住后必须作答。

/PY-loss/

Nestor's seaside kingdom, the first place Telemachus sails to for news.

皮洛斯·涅斯托耳的海滨王国，忒勒马科斯出海探讯的第一站。

/SKEER-ee-uh/

The island land of the Phaeacians, Odysseus's last stop before he finally reaches Ithaca.

斯刻里亚·费阿喀亚人的海岛之国，奥德修斯抵达伊塔卡前的最后一站。

/SIL-uh/

A six-headed monster living on a cliff. She snatches and eats six of Odysseus's men as the ship passes.

斯库拉·栖于峭壁、长有六头的怪物；船只经过时，她攫食了奥德修斯的六名同伴。

/shrowd/

A cloth for covering a dead body. Penelope says she must finish weaving one before she can remarry — then secretly unpicks it each night.

裹尸布·包裹尸体的布；珀涅罗珀诡称织完才肯改嫁，却夜夜偷偷拆解。

/SY-renz/

Creatures whose beautiful singing lures sailors to steer onto the rocks and die. Odysseus has himself tied to the mast to hear them safely.

塞壬·以美妙歌声诱使水手触礁丧命的海妖；奥德修斯命人把自己绑在桅杆上，以便安全聆听。

/SPAR-tuh/

The kingdom of Menelaus and Helen, which Telemachus visits.

斯巴达·墨涅拉俄斯与海伦的王国，忒勒马科斯曾往访。

/SOO-ters/

The crowd of rude young men who fill Odysseus's house, eat his food, and pressure Penelope to marry one of them.

求婚者·一群无礼的年轻人，占据奥德修斯的家、耗食其财，逼迫珀涅罗珀从中择一改嫁。

/tuh-LEM-uh-kus/

The son of Odysseus and Penelope. The poem follows him as he grows up and sails out to seek news of his father.

忒勒马科斯·奥德修斯与珀涅罗珀之子；诗中追随他逐渐成长、出海寻访父亲的消息。

/ty-REE-see-us/

A famous blind prophet. Odysseus journeys to the land of the dead to ask his ghost the way home.

忒瑞西阿斯·著名的盲眼先知；奥德修斯远赴冥界，向其鬼魂问询归途。

/troy/

The great city where the Greeks fought a ten-year war that ends just before the poem starts.

特洛伊·希腊人鏖战十年的雄城，战事于全诗开篇前不久方告结束。

/TROH-jun hors/

The giant hollow wooden horse, full of hidden soldiers, that Odysseus used to capture Troy.

特洛伊木马·内藏伏兵的巨型空心木马，奥德修斯借此攻陷特洛伊。

/zooss/

The king of all the gods; god of the sky, of storms, and of justice. He especially protects guests and strangers.

宙斯·众神之王，天空、雷霆与正义之神，尤其护佑宾客与异乡人。

/A-ker-on/

A river in the land of the dead; also a real river in the Thesprotia region of Greece.

阿刻戎河·冥界中的一条河流；也是希腊塞斯普罗提亚地区一条真实的河流。

/EE-jee/

A city in the northern Peloponnese, a region of southern Greece, sacred to the sea god Poseidon.

埃盖·伯罗奔尼撒北部的一座城市，是供奉海神波塞冬的圣地。

/am-NEE-sus/

A port town serving the city of Knossos, on the northern coast of the island of Crete.

阿姆尼索斯·为克诺索斯城服务的港口，位于克里特岛北岸。

/a-re-THOO-sa/

A freshwater spring on Ithaca, the home island of the hero Odysseus.

阿瑞图萨泉·位于伊塔卡岛上的一处淡水泉，伊塔卡是英雄奥德修斯的家乡。

/AR-ta-kee/

A spring on the island of the Laestrygonians, a race of fierce giants in Odysseus's travels.

阿尔塔基泉·莱斯特律戈涅斯人岛上的一处泉水，那是奥德修斯旅途中凶猛巨人族居住的地方。

/AS-ter-is/

A small island lying near Ithaca, the home island of the hero Odysseus.

阿斯特里斯·靠近伊塔卡岛的一座小岛，伊塔卡是英雄奥德修斯的家乡。

/ATH-ens/

A city in Attica, a region of mainland Greece, later one of the most famous Greek cities.

雅典·希腊大陆阿提卡地区的一座城市，后来成为最著名的希腊城市之一。

/KAL-sis/

A town in western Greece, different from the better-known Chalcis on the island of Euboea.

卡尔基斯·希腊西部的一座城镇，不同于欧波亚岛上更著名的卡尔基斯。

/KEE-os/

An island in the Aegean Sea, lying off the western coast of Asia Minor.

希俄斯·爱琴海中的一座岛屿，位于小亚细亚西海岸外。

/sim-AIR-ee-anz/

A people who live near the land of the dead, in a place of permanent darkness and fog.

辛梅里安人·居住在冥界附近的一个民族，那里终年笼罩着黑暗与浓雾。

/KO-see-tus/

A river in the land of the dead; its name means "lamentation" or "wailing."

科库托斯河·冥界中的一条河流；其名意为"悲叹"或"哀号"。

/SAI-prus/

A large island in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, off the coast of the Near East.

塞浦路斯·地中海东部的一座大岛，位于近东海岸外。

/SI-the-ra/

An island lying south of Cape Malea, at the southeastern tip of the Peloponnese.

基西拉·位于马莱亚角以南的一座岛屿，靠近伯罗奔尼撒东南端。

/DEE-los/

One of the Cycladic islands in the Aegean Sea; sacred to Apollo and birthplace of Apollo and Artemis.

提洛岛·爱琴海基克拉泽斯群岛之一；是供奉阿波罗的圣地，也是阿波罗和阿尔忒弥斯的出生地。

/EL-is/

A region in the northwestern part of the Peloponnese, in southern Greece.

厄利斯·位于伯罗奔尼撒西北部的一个地区，在希腊南部。

/e-FAI-ra/

A city in Thesprotia, on the western mainland of Greece.

厄菲拉·希腊西部大陆塞斯普罗提亚地区的一座城市。

/E-reb-us/

A dark region of the underworld, the gloomy place where the dead go.

厄瑞玻斯·冥界中一处幽暗之地，亡者前往的阴暗所在。

/e-ree-MAN-thus/

A mountain range on the border between Achaea and Elis, in the northwestern Peloponnese.

厄律曼托斯山·位于伯罗奔尼撒西北部、阿凯亚与厄利斯交界处的山脉。

/ee-thee-O-pee-ya/

A mythical land at the edge of the world, lying between sunset and dawn; not the modern country.

埃塞俄比亚·世界尽头的神话之地，位于日落与日出之间；并非现代国家。

/you-BEE-a/

A large island lying just east of the Greek mainland.

埃维亚岛·位于希腊大陆以东的一座大岛。

/ger-AIS-tus/

A headland on the coast of Euboea, where Nestor stops for a night sailing home from Troy.

革赖斯托斯·埃维亚岛海岸的一处海角，涅斯托耳从特洛伊归途中在此停泊过夜。

/GOR-tin/

A city in the south central part of the island of Crete.

戈尔廷·克里特岛中南部的一座城市。

/GEE-rai/

A perhaps mythical rocky outcrop in the Aegean Sea, where Poseidon wrecked the Lesser Ajax.

古赖岩·爱琴海中或许虚构的礁岩，波塞冬曾在此使小埃阿斯触礁沉船。

/hai-per-EE-see-a/

A town in Achaea, in the northern Peloponnese; home of Polypheides.

许佩瑞西亚·伯罗奔尼撒北部阿凯亚地区的一座城镇，波吕斐得斯的家乡。

/hai-PEHR-ee-a/

The Phaeacians' former homeland, lying near the land of the Cyclopes.

许佩里亚·费阿刻斯人从前的家园，靠近独眼巨人居住的地方。

/YOL-kus/

A city in Thessaly; home of Pelias, who sent Jason to seek the Golden Fleece.

伊俄尔科斯·色萨利的一座城市，珀利阿斯的家乡，他派伊阿宋去寻找金羊毛。

/IS-mar-us/

A city in Thrace; home of the Cicones people.

伊斯马罗斯·色雷斯的一座城市，基科涅斯人的家乡。

/JAR-dan/

A river on the island of Crete.

雅尔达诺斯河·克里特岛上的一条河流。

/LEM-nos/

An island in the northeastern Aegean Sea, inhabited by the Sintians.

利姆诺斯岛·爱琴海东北部的一座岛屿，辛提亚人居住于此。

/LES-bos/

A large island in the northeastern Aegean Sea, off the coast of Asia Minor.

莱斯沃斯岛·爱琴海东北部的一座大岛，靠近小亚细亚海岸。

/LIB-ee-ya/

A land on the northern coast of Africa, vaguely imagined and not the same as the modern country.

利比亚·非洲北部海岸的一片土地，在荷马笔下界限模糊，与今天的国家并不相同。

/MA-lee-a/

A cape at the southeastern tip of the Peloponnese, famous for its dangerous, treacherous sailing conditions.

马莱亚角·伯罗奔尼撒半岛东南端的海角，以航行凶险、危机四伏而闻名。

/MA-ra-thon/

A town northeast of Athens, lying near the northeastern coast of the region of Attica.

马拉松·雅典东北方的一座城镇，靠近阿提卡地区的东北海岸。

/mes-EE-nee-ya/

A region in the southwestern part of the Peloponnese, the large peninsula of southern Greece.

美塞尼亚·伯罗奔尼撒半岛西南部的一个地区，位于希腊南部的大半岛上。

/MAI-mas/

A promontory on the coast of Asia Minor, lying directly opposite the island of Chios.

米马斯·小亚细亚海岸上的一处海角，正对着希俄斯岛。

/mai-SEE-nee/

A grand palace city in the northeastern Peloponnese, home of King Agamemnon.

迈锡尼·伯罗奔尼撒半岛东北部的一座宏伟宫殿之城，是阿伽门农国王的居所。

/NAY-on/

A mountain on the island of Ithaca; another name for Mount Neriton.

涅伊翁山·伊塔卡岛上的一座山；是涅里同山的别名。

/NE-rit-on/

A mountain on the island of Ithaca, Odysseus's home in the Ionian Sea.

涅里同山·伊塔卡岛上的一座山，伊塔卡是奥德修斯在伊奥尼亚海中的家乡。

/or-KO-me-nus/

A city in Boeotia, central Greece, home to the people called the Minyans.

奥尔霍迈诺斯·希腊中部彼奥提亚地区的一座城市，是被称为米尼亚人的居所。

/or-TI-ja/

A small Sicilian island near the mainland; here it seems a fantastical place with no real location.

奥尔提伽·西西里附近的一座小岛；但此处似乎是个虚构之地，没有真实位置。

/O-sa/

A mountain in the region of Thessaly in northern Greece, lying just south of Mount Olympus.

奥萨山·希腊北部色萨利地区的一座山，位于奥林匹斯山以南不远处。

/pan-OH-pee-yus/

A Greek town located near the border of the region of Boeotia in central Greece.

帕诺佩乌斯·一座希腊城镇，位于希腊中部彼奥提亚地区的边界附近。

/par-NAS-us/

A mountain in central Greece, where a wild boar wounded Odysseus when he was a boy.

帕尔纳索斯山·希腊中部的一座山，奥德修斯小时候在此被一头野猪所伤。

/PEE-lee-on/

A mountain in the region of Thessaly in northern Greece.

佩利翁山·希腊北部色萨利地区的一座山。

/FAI-ya/

A port on the coast of Elis, a region in the northwestern Peloponnese.

斐埃·埃利斯海岸上的一座港口，埃利斯是伯罗奔尼撒半岛西北部的一个地区。

/FAI-stus/

A city in south-central Crete, the large island lying south of mainland Greece.

费斯托斯·克里特岛中南部的一座城市，克里特岛位于希腊大陆以南。

/FEHR-os/

A small island lying just off the coast of Egypt, near the mouth of the Nile.

法罗斯岛·位于埃及海岸外不远处的一座小岛，靠近尼罗河口。

/FEHR-ai/

A city in the Peloponnese, lying on the route between Pylos and Sparta in southern Greece.

费莱·伯罗奔尼撒半岛上的一座城市，位于皮洛斯和斯巴达之间。

/fu-NEE-sha/

A coastal region of seafaring traders in the eastern Mediterranean, covering modern Lebanon and nearby lands.

腓尼基·地中海东岸的一个航海商人聚居区，包括今天的黎巴嫩及邻近地区。

/FTHEE-ya/

The kingdom of Peleus and his son Achilles, located in central Greece.

弗提亚·珀琉斯和他儿子阿喀琉斯的王国，位于希腊中部。

/FEE-la-see/

A city in Thessaly, a region in northern Greece.

费拉刻·塞萨利的一座城市，塞萨利是希腊北部的一个地区。

/pai-REE-ya/

A region in northern Greece, lying near Mount Olympus.

皮埃里亚·希腊北部的一个地区，靠近奥林匹斯山。

/PSA-ra/

A small island in the Aegean Sea, off the western coast of Asia Minor.

普萨拉岛·爱琴海中的一座小岛，位于小亚细亚西海岸外。

/pi-ri-FLE-ge-thon/

A river of fire in the underworld, one of the streams flowing into the river Styx.

皮里弗勒革同河·冥界中的一条火焰之河，是流入斯堤克斯河的支流之一。

/SAY-mee/

An island in the eastern part of the Ionian Sea near Ithaca, also called Samos in Homer.

萨墨岛·靠近伊萨卡的爱奥尼亚海东部的一座岛屿，荷马也称之为萨摩斯。

/SKAI-ros/

An island in the Aegean Sea, home of Achilles' son Neoptolemus.

斯库罗斯岛·爱琴海中的一座岛屿，是阿喀琉斯之子涅俄普托勒摩斯的家乡。

/SAI-don/

A major Phoenician city on the eastern Mediterranean coast, now in modern Lebanon.

西顿·地中海东岸的一座腓尼基大城，今属黎巴嫩。

/SOL-im-a/

A mountain in Lycia, on the southern coast of Asia Minor in the far eastern Mediterranean.

索吕玛山·吕基亚的一座山，位于地中海东部小亚细亚南岸。

/SOO-nee-yon/

A cape at the southern tip of Attica, site of an important temple to Poseidon.

苏尼翁·阿提卡最南端的海角，建有一座重要的波塞冬神庙。

/stix/

The river forming the boundary of the underworld, the realm of the dead.

斯堤克斯河·构成冥界（死者的国度）边界的河流。

/TAY-fos/

An island in the Ionian Sea; its people, the Taphians, were often described as pirates and sea-raiders.

塔福斯·爱奥尼亚海中的一座岛屿；岛上居民塔福斯人常被描述为海盗和劫掠者。

/TAI-ge-tus/

A high mountain range in the southern Peloponnese, in southern mainland Greece.

泰格托斯山·希腊南部伯罗奔尼撒半岛的一道高大山脉。

/te-le-PAI-lus/

A town in the land of the Laestrygonians, giant cannibals; its name suggests "Far Gate."

忒勒皮洛斯·食人巨人莱斯特律戈涅斯人之地的一座城镇；其名意为“远门”。

/TE-me-see/

A city in Bruttium, the Greek colony in the "toe" of Italy, modern Calabria.

忒墨塞·布鲁提乌姆的一座城市，即意大利“脚趾”地区（今卡拉布里亚）的希腊殖民地。

/TE-ne-dos/

An island in the northeastern Aegean Sea, lying near the coast of Troy.

忒涅多斯·爱琴海东北部的一座岛屿，靠近特洛伊海岸。

/thes-PROH-sha/

A region of Epirus in northwestern Greece.

忒斯普洛提亚·希腊西北部伊庇鲁斯地区的一个区域。

/thrays/

A region of northeastern Greece, lying north of the Aegean Sea.

色雷斯·希腊东北部的一个区域，位于爱琴海以北。

/za-KIN-thus/

An island in the Ionian Sea, off the western coast of Greece.

扎金索斯·爱奥尼亚海中的一座岛屿，位于希腊西海岸外。

/UN-der-world/

The land of the dead, ruled by Hades, where Odysseus journeys to consult the prophet Tiresias.

冥界·由哈得斯统治的死者之国，奥德修斯前往此地求问先知忒瑞西阿斯。

/ee-OH-lee-a/

The floating island of Aeolus, keeper of the winds, who gives Odysseus a bag of storms.

埃俄利亚·风神埃俄罗斯的漂浮之岛，他赠给奥德修斯一个装着风暴的口袋。

/LOH-tus EE-terz/

The land whose lotus fruit makes Odysseus' men forget their home and wish only to stay.

食莲者之地·其莲果使奥德修斯的同伴忘却家乡、只愿留下的国度。

/SY-kloh-peez/

The wild land of the one-eyed giants, where Odysseus blinds the Cyclops Polyphemus.

独眼巨人之地·独眼巨人的荒野之地，奥德修斯在此弄瞎了独眼巨人波吕斐摩斯。

/thri-NAY-sha/

The island where the Sun god's sacred cattle graze; Odysseus' men kill them and are doomed.

特里那基亚·太阳神圣牛吃草的岛屿；奥德修斯的同伴杀牛食用，因而注定灭亡。

/OH-shan/

The vast river the Greeks believed encircled the flat disc of the world.

俄刻阿诺斯·古希腊人相信环绕着扁平大地圆盘的浩瀚之河。

/AR-gos/

A city and region in the northeast Peloponnese; Homer also uses the name for Greece as a whole.

阿尔戈斯·伯罗奔尼撒东北部的城市与地区；荷马也用此名泛指整个希腊。

/KREET/

A large island south of the Greek mainland, with ninety cities and many mingled languages. Odysseus repeatedly claims to be a Cretan in the false life-stories he tells once home.

克里特·希腊大陆以南的大岛，据说有九十座城、语言混杂。奥德修斯回乡后编造身世时，一再自称是克里特人。

/NOS-os/

The great city of Crete, where Minos ruled; Odysseus names it as his birthplace in the false tale he tells Penelope.

克诺索斯·克里特岛上的大城，米诺斯在此为王；奥德修斯向佩涅洛佩编造身世时自称生于此地。

/THEEBZ/

A city in central Greece, home of the prophet Tiresias and of Oedipus's ruined family. Homer names a second Thebes, in Egypt, as a byword for wealth.

忒拜·希腊中部的城市，先知忒瑞西阿斯与俄狄浦斯一家的故乡。荷马另提到埃及的忒拜，以富庶著称。

/al-FEE-us/

A river of the western Peloponnese, and the river-god who fathered Ortilochus — grandfather of the Diocles who hosts Telemachus at Pherae.

阿尔甫斯河·伯罗奔尼撒西部的河流，亦是河神：他生下俄尔提洛科斯，其孙狄俄克勒斯在费莱款待忒勒马科斯。

/en-ih-PEE-us/

A beautiful river in northern Greece that Tyro loved; Poseidon took its shape to lie with her, and she bore Pelias and Neleus.

厄尼佩夫斯河·希腊北部一条秀美的河流，提洛爱恋此河；波塞冬化作它的模样与她结合，她生下佩利阿斯与涅琉斯。

/KROO-nee/

A place on the western coast of the Peloponnese that Telemachus sails past on his way home, named in the same breath as Chalcis.

克鲁尼·伯罗奔尼撒西海岸的一处地方，忒勒马科斯归航时经过，与卡尔基斯并称。

/uh-KEE-uh/

The land of the Achaeans: Homer uses the name for Greece as a whole, rather than for the smaller northern region that later mapmakers labelled Achaea.

阿开亚·阿开亚人的土地：荷马以此名泛指整个希腊，而非后世地图上伯罗奔尼撒北部的那一小片地区。